A Literature Review on Firm Internationalization：Theoretical and Conceptual Frameworks

Jiaying Huang

doi:10.71113/JMSS.v2i2.213

Authors

Jiaying Huang Shanghai Jiguang Polytechnic College

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.71113/JMSS.v2i2.213

Keywords:

Firm internationalization, Uppsala Model, Innovation-Related Model, International Entrepreneurship, Network Theory, Resource-Based Theory

Abstract

This paper follows Andersen's distinction between theory and conceptual frameworks, classifying and reviewing firm internationalization studies based on their theoretical foundations. Through a systematic review of literature published in leading international business journals from 1960 to 2023, this study uniquely bridges the gap between economically oriented and process-oriented perspectives on internationalization. The paper explores the relationships among various conceptual frameworks of firm internationalization by examining their variables and conceptual structures, with particular emphasis on knowledge as a unifying construct. Unlike previous reviews that predominantly focus on either large multinational enterprises or SMEs, this paper constructs a comprehensive, integrative conceptual framework that accommodates diverse internationalization pathways. This framework facilitates theoretical dialogue and provides a foundation for future empirical research, particularly in the context of digital transformation and emerging market firms.

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